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Performance Torque Converter Install
Getting more performance from the same horsepower
Len Emanuelson / autoMedia.com
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What many car enthusiasts don't know, or simply overlook, is that you can get more performance out of the power you already have.
Many car enthusiasts believe that the path to better performance is through engine modifications. The problem is that engine modifications often don't work out exactly as you hope. Modifying a daily driver's engine can be tricky business, sacrificing one benefit in favor of another: low-end torque for top-end horsepower, fuel economy for acceleration, or even worse, reliability for that newfound performance.
What many car enthusiasts don't know, or simply overlook, is that you can get more performance out of the power you already have. Power (more accurately, torque) is never delivered directly from the flywheel to the pavement, without first being multiplied by gear ratios in the transmission and differential. The math is pretty simple: A car with a 4.0:1 gear ratio puts 33% more torque to the wheels than a car with a 3.0:1 gear ratio with no increase in engine torque.
However, changing gear ratios is another one of those compromises. Driveablity is adversely affected because the engine revs higher at all speeds, uses more fuel and simply wears itself out faster. Bottom line: Gears will help your car accelerate quicker—you'll just hate the added rpm if you drive your vehicle any distance.
Today's new cars have some very efficient torque converters, but they lack the necessary stall speeds for optimal performance.
Torque multiplication is just one important parameter for selecting a torque converter. Stall speed—the speed at which the converter slips under full throttle, full-load operation—is important as well. Early race/street type converters focused solely on stall speed. As long as the converter slipped enough to get the engine into the torque peak, it was considered a success. Not very efficient, but it worked. Today's new cars have some very efficient torque converters, but they lack the necessary stall speeds for optimal performance.
Typically, Pro Torque builds torque converters with stall speeds of 2,400-2,800 rpm versus OE factory stall speeds of 1,300-1,700 rpm.
What's the down side of installing a high-performance torque converter? With today's lock-up overdrive transmissions, the answer is not much. Typically, Pro Torque builds torque converters with stall speeds of 2,400-2,800 rpm versus OE factory stall speeds of 1,300-1,700 rpm. In normal driving conditions, you won't notice much difference; under heavier-throttle scenarios, you may notice that the engine revs a little quicker. But as soon as the vehicle hits the higher gears, the torque converter locks up and the engine and transmission become solidly coupled.
Copyright autoMedia.com 2000-2010
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George Hiatt of San Dimas Auto begins the converter swap by removing the center crossmember, then draining the transmission fluid by removing the pan.
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Next, the battery is disconnected and the starter is removed for better access to the converter bolts.
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The driveshaft is removed after loosening the bolts that fasten the U-joints to the differential.
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A transmission jack is used to support the transmission while the bellhousing bolts are removed.
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Unfortunately, the Lightning's exhaust system had to be removed before the tranny could be pulled. But first, the four blue oxygen sensors must be disconnected carefully to avoid damaging them. Once the sensors have been pulled, the exhaust crossover tube can be unbolted and removed.
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Now the transmission can be eased back away from the engine. Make certain that all linkages and lines are disconnected.
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The stock torque converter comes out with the transmission. Simply pull it away from the transmission, remembering that the converter is still full of trans fluid.
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This shows the difference in overall diameter between the 10.5-inch Pro Torque converter (left) and the stock 13-inch converter. The internal differences are significant.
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Hiatt slides the new Pro Torque converter in place after filling it with transmission fluid. He rotates it slightly to ensure that the internal splines are engaged.
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The trans/converter assembly is ready to be bolted back in place by reversing the disassembly steps.
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The Pro Torque converter allows more of the Lightning's supercharged 5.4L engine's power to reach the rear wheels. This particular engine is souped up with an aftermarket throttle body and computer chip.
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