CarCare
Continued from Page 1

To add fluid, you must first determine the type of fluid your car or truck uses. Your owner’s manual will provide you with the automatic transmission fluid specifications required by your vehicle. Do not mix and match fluid types! To physically add fluid, most cars mandate the fluid be poured in through the transmission dipstick tube. A small funnel is needed to accomplish this. Generally speaking, a transmission that is low on fluid will not require much in order to bring the level to the “Hot” mark on the dipstick (typically a pint or less).

Coolant Level
Modern vehicles do not mandate the removal of the radiator cap in order to check the level. In fact, radiator caps today are designed to be difficult to remove. Coolant level is checked by way of the surge tank, often mounted on the inner fender in close proximity to the sealed radiator cap. To check the fluid, the vehicle must be on level ground, and preferably, it should be “cold.” In most cases, the surge tank is transparent and will be marked with the letters “FULL COLD.” You can physically see the level in the tank.


If you need to add coolant, first check the specifications in your owner’s manual. Do not add water alone as most vehicles today mandate some form of coolant blend. In most cases, coolant is added to the surge tank.


If the car is older, and is not equipped with a surge tank, wait until the engine has cooled before opening the radiator cap. Turn the cap slowly to the left until it reaches a “stop.” Don’t press down on the cap. Wait a minute or so before proceeding. If you hear a hissing sound, pressure is being relieved. Once the hissing sound stops, press down on the cap and continue to turn to the left. Fill the radiator to the base of the filler neck. Start the engine. With the engine idling, add coolant to the radiator until it reaches the bottom of the filler neck. Reinstall the radiator cap. In many cases, there are two arrows on the cap. If so, ensure the arrows on the cap line up with the radiator overflow tube (on the radiator filler neck).


In either case, be careful with coolant, as most blends contain ethylene glycol. It will burn if the spilled on very hot external engine components (for example, exhaust manifolds).

Continued on Page 3

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Photo Guide

Oil level checks are critical. Typically, the dipstick is marked or color coded as shown here.

Automatic transmission fluid should also be checked. In many late model vehicles, the dipstick has a lock on the handle that must be flipped before checking the oil level.

To check coolant levels on most vehicles, you simply examine the level in the surge tank (as shown here). There is no need to remove the radiator cap.

Brake fluid levels are also easy to check on most vehicles. The master cylinder fluid levels are typically made of a translucent plastic material, allowing easy inspection.

Most batteries in use today are of the zero maintenance variety. That means they need no service. Many (such as this) do not have removable caps; they’re factored sealed.

Air filters too are now of the high mileage variety. To inspect the element, you have to remove the filter housing cover.

Power steering reservoirs can either be mounted directly on the pump (as shown here) or remotely mounted. There is usually a dipstick under the cap.

Don’t forget the windshield washer fluid level. It’s checked by viewing the level through the transparent reservoir.

Belts and hoses should also be examined. There are two important radiator hoses (and upper and a lower) along with either one long serpentine belt (most common today) or a series of v-belts.



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