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Air Springs Install
Improving load conditions and control
Steve Temple / autoMedia.com
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An air spring suspension on a chassis can serve a wide variety of purposes, depending on the type of system. Some of the first air spring suspensions were developed about 50 years ago as an insert for a car's factory coil springs. These units later appeared on a large number of NASCAR racing cars, and also on motorhomes, ambulances and street rods. For this particular article, we'll show the applications for pickup trucks and SUVs.
Advantages
What's the advantage of using air springs? First off, don't expect them to replace a lift kit. Even though an air spring system does provide an inch or two of lift, especially on a vehicle with worn springs, it serves an entirely different purpose. The major benefit of air springs is that you can adjust air pressure to compensate for your load condition. This ensures that your load is balanced and level for better comfort and ride. As your load increases, you just add more air.
Air springs also provide smoother control of your pickup, auto, van, or RV. Adding or subtracting air pressure, right from your dashboard via the optional controller kit, can quickly correct handling problems caused by heavy or uneven loads. For instance, if a load pulls down the back of a vehicle too much, steering will be difficult, and you will likely experience excessive sway and/or body roll. Or if the hitch alignment is uneven, you'll likely encounter problems with both steering and braking. Another potential difficulty of an overloaded vehicle is bottoming out the suspension on bumpy roads. An air spring system is designed to minimize if not eliminate these problems.
Note, however, that adding air springs will not change the weight ratings (GAWR, GCWR, GVWR) of a vehicle. Exceeding these limits is dangerous and may void your air springs' warranty. Air spring manufacturers usually offer different types of systems designed for various load levels. The Air Lift line of air springs ranges from a 1,000-pound rating for a coil-over suspension up to a 5,000-pound unit for a leaf-spring setup.
Installation
How long does it take to install a system? Assuming you know your way around a suspension and this isn't the first time you've had a wrench in your hand, it will probably take about two hours to install a typical Air Lift kit. Adding the company's compressor is optional, but does make operating the system more convenient since you can adjust it right from the driver's seat, rather than filling the lines from outside of the vehicle. If you have access to a hoist, jackstands and air tools, the job can go faster. You'll also need to have a drill, tappers, a ratchet set, and wire crimpers. Installing an Air Lift kit isn't extremely difficult, but if you're not a relatively experienced mechanic, you may want to have a trained technician install the kit.
Copyright autoMedia.com 2000-2008
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These shots show how the truck levels out with the air springs inflated. Normally the rear of the truck will rise only a couple of inches. For a heavy trailer like the one shown here, weight distribution bars can also help to balance the load.
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Notice how the rear of the truck sags and the front end rides high?an unstable situation at best. In addition to causing problems with steering and braking, the nose-high angle aims the headlights too high for night driving.
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These are the components of the Air Lift Ride Control system to be mounted on the rear axle. Depending on the vehicle, you may need to make some adjustments prior to installation, such as trimming the bump stop, removing the inner fenderwells, or relocating brake line bolts.
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Even though the compressor (shown here with wiring, switches and gauges) is not required to fill the air springs, it does offer a lot more convenience, allowing the system to be controlled with a flip of a switch from the driver's seat.
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Use the installation tool provided in the kit to ensure that the air springs are mounted at the correct height. The tool attaches to the upper and lower brackets, and is rigid so that it will self-align the upper bracket.
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After determining the correct location (and checking for clearance behind the frame), drill and tap holes for mounting the top bracket. (Note that in 1987 and older Chevy 4WD vehicles, the upper bracket must be installed in a "legs up" position. Some later-model vehicles, such as '97 and new Ford F-150 trucks, require mounting the kit forward of the rear axle.)
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After the upper bracket is bolted on, the air spring can be fitted underneath it. The lower bracket for the air spring is secured with a U-bolt and clamp bar underneath the leaf springs.
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The compressor can be mounted on the frame rail or other convenient location. Next, the Y-fitting and air hoses are connected with the compressor and check valves.
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Drill a one-inch hole in the floorpan (check clearance first!) and install a rubber grommet. Then route the hoses and wiring into the cab for hooking up the check valves (pressure sensors) and the panel for the switches and gauges.
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The air hose is routed back from the compressor to the air springs. Use plastic zip ties (included) to secure the hose to the frame, away from moving parts. Keep at least six inches of clearance between the air line and heat sources, such as exhaust pipes.
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A T-fitting routes the air hose to both air springs. Avoid sharp bends in the air lines, and leave some slack to allow for movement.
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Auxiliary air hoses with inflation valves can be mounted on the rear bumpers or other accessible locations so the air springs can be filled with an external air source.
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Here's the completed installation of the air springs on each side of the axle prior to activating the compressor. Note how the air hose is secured with zip ties.
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Wiring of the gauges and switches requires some crimping tools.
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Install the gauge/switch panel underneath dash or other location where it can be easily seen and operated. Use an auxiliary circuit on the vehicle's fuse panel to provide power to the compressor.
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Fill the air springs to capacity, and check for alignment.
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