2004 BMW X3

While the X5's original all-wheel drive used a planetary center differential to split torque 38-percent front, 62-percent rear, adjusted for specific conditions by the traction-control function of the Dynamic Stability Control (DSC), xDrive takes a different path. Torque always goes to the rear wheels, while the portion sent to the fronts is controlled by a multi-disc clutch that can be fully open, fully engaged or at any level in-between. An electronic control system receiving inputs from the DSC via sensors for the rotational speed of each wheel, steering angle, vehicle yaw, lateral acceleration and the brake light switch directs engagement pressure.


In normal driving, the split ranges from a nominal 40/60 to a maximum of 50/50 front-to-rear. In tight curves (including parking maneuvers) with low to medium torque, during heavy understeer and when antilock braking is active, the system is 100 percent rear-drive. Conversely, the rear proportion approaches zero when both rear wheels have near-zero traction. The DSC's traction control can reduce engine torque and apply individual wheel brakes to achieve maximum possible force to move the vehicle.

The 3.0i boasts a potent 225-hp, 214-lb.-ft. 3.0-liter six teamed with a choice of 6-speed manual or optional 5-speed automatic.

The X3's Adaptive Headlights swivel to the side, controlled by a function of steering angle, yaw rate and road speed, to illuminate the road for improved cornering visibility at night. Inside, the X3's high seating position is similar to the X5's, and the 3.0i's interior is typical BMW luxosport. A large 16:9 color screen for the optional navigation system folds up from the instrument panel's top center. Max payload is 1,025 lb., max towing capacity is 3,500 lbs., and the DSC's trailer stability control feature helps keep a towed load under control.


Like the X5, the X3's front driveshaft passes through the engine oil sump for a low center of gravity to enhance stability and reduce body roll during aggressive or emergency maneuvers. Standard safety equipment includes an advanced front airbag system, dual front door-mounted side-impact airbags, front and rear Head Protection System, automatic front seatbelt pretensioners and force limiters, the DSC and a Tire Defect Indicator (TDI) system that constantly compares wheel rotational speeds to monitor tire pressures and warns—through both visual and acoustic signals—should any tire's pressure drop below a certain limit.